References & Links

Blake, D.B. (1983). Some biological controls on the distribution of shallow water sea stars (Asteroidea; Echinodermata). Bulletin of Marine Science. 33(3): 703-712.

Blake, D.B. (1990). Paleobiological implications of some Upper Ordovician Juvenile Asteroids (Echinodermata). Lethaia. 23: 347-357.

Byrne, M. (2011). Impact of ocean warming and ocean acidification on marine invertebrate life history stages: vulnerabilities and potential for persistence in a changing ocean. Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review. 49: 1-42.

Crawford, T.J., & Crawford, B.J. (2007) Linckia multifora (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) in Rarotonga, Cook Islands: Reproductive Mechanisms and Ecophenotypes. Pacific Science. 61(3): 371-381. 

Edmondson, C.H. (1935). Autotomy and regeneration in Hawaiian starfishes. Occasional Papers: Bernice P. Bishop Museum. 11(8): 3-20.

Knott, K., & Wray, G. (2000). Controversy and consensus in Asteroid systematics: New insights to ordinal and familial relationships. American Zoologist. 40(3): 382-392.

Mah, C., & Foltz, D. (2011). Molecular phylogeny of the Valvatacea (Asteroidea: Echinodermata). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 161(4): 769-788.

McAlary, F. A. (1993). Population structure and reproduction of the fissiparous seastar, Linckia columbiae Gray, on Santa Catalina Island, California. Third California Islands Symposium: recent advances in research on the California Islands. p:233-248.

Motokawa,T., & Wainwright, S.A. (1991). Stiffness of starfish arm and involvement of catch connective tissue in the stiffness change. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 100A(2): 393-397.

Rideout, R.S. (1978). Asexual Reproduction as a means of Population Maintenance in the Coral Reef Asteroid Linckia multiforaon Guam. Marine Biology. 47: 287-295. 

Ruppert, E.E., Fox, R.S., & Barnes, R.D. 2004. Invertebrate Zoology: A Functional Evolutionary Approach. Seventh edition, Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning. California, USA.

Ullrich-Luter, E.M., Dupont, S., Arboleda, E., Hausen, H., & Arnone, M.I. (2011). Unique system of photoreceptors in sea urchin tube feet. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 108(20): 8367-8372.

Vickery, M.S., & McClintock, J.B. (2000). Comparative morphology of tube feet among the Asteroidea: Phylogenetic implications. American Zoologist. 40(3): 355-364.

Williams, S.T. (2000). Species boundaries in the starfish genus Linckia. Marine Biology. 136: 137-148.