Figure 2: Octopus Arterial System. ara: arm arteries, pha: pharyngeal artery, frt: funnel arteries, vea: visceral envelope artery, psg: posterior salivary gland, crp: crop, lpa: left pallial artery, st: stomach, dgl: digestive gland, int: intestine, cae: caecum, ov: ovary, ven: ventricle, aur: auricle, bht: branchial heart efb, efferent branchial vessel, afb: afferent branchial vessel, rec: rectum, ink: ink sac da: dorsal aorta, cpa: cephalic artery,opa: optic artery, bma: buccal mass. (Wells, 1983).